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Revise Postman's Knock with help from Audrey's crib sheet.
author Jim Hague <jim.hague@acm.org>
date Thu, 14 Feb 2019 23:10:16 +0000
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1 ---- abc2xml ----
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2
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3 abc2xml is a command line utility that translates ABC notation into MusicXML.
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4
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5 In principle all elements from ABC are translated, but some translations are only partially
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6 implemented. Translated are:
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7 - multiple lyric lines per voice
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8 - mapping voices to staves, brackets and braces (%%score or %%staves)
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9 - voice overlays (only single &-overlays, no multiple &&-overlays yet)
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10 - dynamics, slurs, several decorations (ties between different voices are not possible in MusicXML
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11 and are changed to slurs when present in ABC. Also (illegal) ties between different pitches are converted
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12 to slurs. In both cases a warning message is issued)
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13 - grace notes, tuplets
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14 - keys (maj, min, mix, dor, phr, lyd, loc and none), meter, tempo
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15 - clefs (only most common clef names, tranposition= and middle= are supported)
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16 - jazz chord symbols and text annotations
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17 - beaming. Only one beam per abc-beam group is translated at the moment, which is
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18 sufficient for MuseScore. In musicXML every beam should be explicitly notated, so a 32th
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19 note should start 3 beams.
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20 - scale, page size and page margins are recognized as either %% or I: directive. The scale value is
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21 the distance between two stafflines in millimeters. The other values are also in millimeters unless
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22 they are followed by a unit (cm,in,pt).
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23 - %%MIDI program and %%MIDI channel (or I:MIDI ..) are translated when used in a current voice
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24 (i.e. after a V: definition). The instrument of a voice cannot be changed in the middle of a tune.
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25 If one does so, only the last %%MIDI will be used for the whole voice. (and the earlier settings are
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26 discarded). %%MIDI transpose is translated and has the same effect as transpose= in the clef, i.e.
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27 only play back is transposed, not notation. In %%MIDI program=num, the number should be between 0
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28 and 127. Also in %%MIDI channel=num, the number is starts from zero. The midi translation supports
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29 mapping multiple voices whith different instruments to one stave. (i.e. the resulting xml part will
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30 have multiple instruments). This feature, though present in MusicXML is not supported by MuseScore,
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31 nor by Finale Notepad. These programs only allow one instrument per stave.
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32 - multiple tunes within one abc file can be converted to a set of xml files, one file per tune.
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33
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34 In conjunction with xml2abc the translation from xml -> abc -> xml works for all examples
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35 in the set from MakeMusic. The translated examples produce reasonable score when typeset with MuseScore.
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36
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37 ---- Usage: ----
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38
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39 When you have Python installed:
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40 > python abc2xml.py [-h] [-m SKIP NUM] [-o DIR] [-p PFMT] [-z MODE] file1 [file2 ...]
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41
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42 When you use the Win32 executable:
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43 > abc2xml.exe [-h] [-m SKIP NUM] [-o DIR] [-p PFMT] [-z MODE] file1 [file2 ...]
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44
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45 Translates all .abc files in the file list to MusicXML. Output goes to stdout unless the -o option
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46 is given. Wildcards in file names are expanded.
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47 Option -h prints help message with explanation of the options
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48 Option -m skip num skips skip tunes and then reads at most num tunes.
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49 Can be used when abc files contain multiple tunes (tune books) to select only a subset of the tunes.
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50 The default skips nothing (skip=0) and reads 1 tune (num=1).
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51 Option -o dir translates every .abc file to a separate .xml file with the same name
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52 into directory dir. For example, -o. puts all xml files into the same directory where
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53 the input files reside.
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54 Option -p fmt sets the page format of the ouput. fmt should be a string with 7 float
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55 values sepatated by comma's without any spaces. The values are: space, page-height, -width, and
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56 page margin left, -right, -top, -bottom. space defines the scale of the whole score and equals the
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57 distance between two staff lines in mm. When the -p option is omitted the values default to A4 with
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58 10mm margins and space=1.764. All commandline values are in millimeters.
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59 Option -z mode or --mxl mode writes compressed xml files with extention .mxl.
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60 If mode is a or add both .xml and .mxl files will be written. If mode is r or replace only .mxl
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61 files are written.
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62
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63 ---- Download ----
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64
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65 The python script: abc2xml.py-58.zip
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66 http://wim.vree.org/svgParse/abc2xml.py-58.zip
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67
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68 Stand alone win32 executable: abc2xml.exe-58.zip
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69 http://wim.vree.org/svgParse/abc2xml.exe-58.zip
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70
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71 ---- ABC Syntax ----
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72
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73 ABC is recognized by a high level parser that reads the ABC syntax in a notation close to (E)BNF.
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74 The drawback of this approach is that many dialects of ABC will cause sytax errors.
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75 In addition, the high level parser implementation in pure python (pyparsing.py) is slow.
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76 The pyparsing library is included (as a single python file) in abc2xml.py-58.zip